- Which of the following best describes the term “effusion”?
A) The escape of gas from a container through a small hole.
B) The mixing of different gases.
C) The condensation of gas into a liquid.
D) The process of gas expanding in a vacuum.
Answer: A) The escape of gas from a container through a small hole.
Explanation: Effusion refers to the process by which gas particles escape through a tiny opening into a vacuum or another area with lower pressure.
- If two gases are at the same temperature and pressure, which of the following statements is true?
A) They must have the same density.
B) They must have the same molar mass.
C) They must have the same volume.
D) They cannot exist together.
Answer: C) They must have the same volume.
Explanation: According to Avogadro’s Law, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of moles of gas, leading to the same volume.
- A balloon filled with gas is taken to a higher altitude, where the atmospheric pressure is lower. What happens to the gas inside the balloon?
A) The gas compresses.
B) The gas expands.
C) The volume remains constant.
D) The gas escapes.
Answer: B) The gas expands.
Explanation: At higher altitudes, the lower atmospheric pressure allows the gas inside the balloon to expand, resulting in an increase in volume.
- According to Graham’s Law, how does the rate of effusion of a gas relate to its molar mass?
A) It is directly proportional.
B) It is inversely proportional.
C) It is independent of molar mass.
D) It is equal to molar mass.
Answer: B) It is inversely proportional.
Explanation: According to Graham’s Law, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass; lighter gases effuse faster than heavier gases.
- Which of the following scenarios demonstrates Charles’s Law?
A) A balloon shrinks when placed in cold water.
B) A gas occupies a larger volume when the pressure is decreased.
C) A gas’s pressure increases when heated at constant volume.
D) A gas expands when heated at constant pressure.
Answer: D) A gas expands when heated at constant pressure.
Explanation: Charles’s Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant pressure, so heating a gas causes it to expand.
- Which of the following gas laws is used to describe the behavior of gas mixtures?
A) Boyle’s Law
B) Charles’s Law
C) Dalton’s Law
D) Avogadro’s Law
Answer: C) Dalton’s Law
Explanation: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures describes the behavior of gas mixtures by stating that the total pressure exerted by the mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
- What happens to the volume of a gas when it is compressed while keeping the temperature constant?
A) It increases.
B) It decreases.
C) It remains constant.
D) It becomes zero.
Answer: B) It decreases.
Explanation: According to Boyle’s Law, if a gas is compressed at constant temperature, its volume will decrease.
- The pressure of a gas in a rigid container is increased by adding more gas at constant temperature. What happens to the pressure?
A) It decreases.
B) It remains constant.
C) It increases.
D) It becomes zero.
Answer: C) It increases.
Explanation: According to the ideal gas law, if more gas is added to a rigid container while keeping the temperature constant, the pressure will increase.
- A sealed gas container is heated, and its volume increases. What happens to the pressure of the gas inside?
A) It decreases.
B) It remains constant.
C) It increases.
D) It becomes zero.
Answer: C) It increases.
Explanation: If a gas in a sealed container is heated and its volume increases, the pressure may still increase depending on the extent of heating and volume change, as temperature affects kinetic energy and pressure.
- What is the main factor affecting the rate of diffusion of a gas?
A) Pressure
B) Temperature
C) Molar mass
D) Volume
Answer: B) Temperature
Explanation: The rate of diffusion of a gas is primarily affected by temperature, as higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of gas molecules, allowing them to diffuse faster.
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