MCQ 71:
What is the main purpose of environmental impact assessments (EIAs)?
A) To promote industrial development
B) To evaluate the potential environmental effects of a project before it is approved
C) To measure economic growth
D) To enhance agricultural practices
Answer: B) To evaluate the potential environmental effects of a project before it is approved
Explanation: Environmental impact assessments are conducted to understand the potential environmental consequences of proposed projects, ensuring informed decision-making.
MCQ 72:
Which of the following practices helps reduce soil erosion?
A) Clear-cutting forests
B) Contour farming
C) Overgrazing
D) Intensive monoculture
Answer: B) Contour farming
Explanation: Contour farming involves plowing and planting across the slope of the land, which helps reduce soil erosion by slowing water runoff and promoting water infiltration.
MCQ 73:
What is the primary purpose of the Endangered Species Act?
A) To promote habitat destruction
B) To protect threatened and endangered species
C) To enhance industrial development
D) To increase agricultural production
Answer: B) To protect threatened and endangered species
Explanation: The Endangered Species Act aims to protect and recover endangered and threatened species and their habitats, ensuring biodiversity conservation.
MCQ 74:
What is a significant risk of using pesticides in agriculture?
A) Increased crop yields
B) Harm to non-target species
C) Enhanced soil fertility
D) Decreased pest populations
Answer: B) Harm to non-target species
Explanation: Pesticides can harm non-target species, including beneficial insects, birds, and aquatic organisms, disrupting ecosystems and food chains.
MCQ 75:
Which of the following is a common source of indoor air pollution?
A) Outdoor plants
B) Gas stoves
C) Solar panels
D) Wind turbines
Answer: B) Gas stoves
Explanation: Gas stoves can release pollutants like carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide indoors, contributing to poor air quality and health issues.
MCQ 76:
What is the main function of wetlands in an ecosystem?
A) They contribute to soil erosion.
B) They filter pollutants from water.
C) They promote desertification.
D) They decrease biodiversity.
Answer: B) They filter pollutants from water.
Explanation: Wetlands act as natural filters, improving water quality by trapping sediments and pollutants, and providing habitats for a diverse range of species.
MCQ 77:
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
A) Oil
B) Coal
C) Solar energy
D) Natural gas
Answer: C) Solar energy
Explanation: Solar energy is renewable because it is harnessed from the sun, which is an inexhaustible resource, unlike fossil fuels.
MCQ 78:
What is the primary benefit of recycling?
A) Increased landfill waste
B) Conservation of natural resources
C) Higher greenhouse gas emissions
D) Enhanced pollution
Answer: B) Conservation of natural resources
Explanation: Recycling conserves natural resources by reprocessing materials, reducing the need for raw materials, and minimizing environmental impact.
MCQ 79:
Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation?
A) Increased carbon sequestration
B) Loss of habitat for species
C) Improved air quality
D) Enhanced biodiversity
Answer: B) Loss of habitat for species
Explanation: Deforestation leads to the loss of habitat for many species, contributing to biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation.
MCQ 80:
What is the primary role of environmental policy?
A) To promote industrial growth
B) To regulate human impact on the environment
C) To increase natural resource consumption
D) To enhance urban development
Answer: B) To regulate human impact on the environment
Explanation: Environmental policy aims to manage human activities to protect and preserve the environment, ensuring sustainable development and resource use.
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