41. Which of the following drugs is commonly used as an anti-allergic medication?
- A. Loratadine
- B. Penicillin
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Paracetamol
Answer: A. Loratadine
Explanation:
Loratadine is an antihistamine drug used to relieve symptoms of allergies such as hay fever and hives. Penicillin is an antibiotic, ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory drug, and paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic.
42. Which of the following is used as a preservative in bread and cakes?
- A. Potassium sorbate
- B. Sucrose
- C. Glucose
- D. Fructose
Answer: A. Potassium sorbate
Explanation:
Potassium sorbate is used as a preservative in various food products, including bread and cakes, to prevent mold and yeast growth. Sucrose, glucose, and fructose are sugars used as sweeteners.
43. Which of the following drugs is an example of an antifungal agent?
- A. Ketoconazole
- B. Ampicillin
- C. Ciprofloxacin
- D. Paracetamol
Answer: A. Ketoconazole
Explanation:
Ketoconazole is an antifungal drug used to treat fungal infections. Ampicillin and ciprofloxacin are antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections, and paracetamol is a pain reliever and fever reducer.
44. Which of the following is used to prevent rancidity in fats and oils?
- A. Ascorbic acid
- B. Sodium benzoate
- C. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)
- D. Sodium chloride
Answer: C. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)
Explanation:
BHA is an antioxidant used in food preservation to prevent the oxidation of fats and oils, thus avoiding rancidity. Ascorbic acid is vitamin C, sodium benzoate is a preservative, and sodium chloride is salt.
45. Which of the following is a disinfectant used to sterilize surgical instruments?
- A. Chlorine
- B. Alcohol
- C. Formaldehyde
- D. Sodium hypochlorite
Answer: C. Formaldehyde
Explanation:
Formaldehyde is used as a disinfectant to sterilize surgical instruments due to its ability to kill bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Chlorine and sodium hypochlorite are used for disinfecting water, while alcohol is used for skin antisepsis.
46. Which of the following is used as a non-caloric artificial sweetener?
- A. Sucralose
- B. Sucrose
- C. Glucose
- D. Fructose
Answer: A. Sucralose
Explanation:
Sucralose is a non-caloric artificial sweetener used in diet products. It is much sweeter than sucrose (table sugar). Glucose and fructose are naturally occurring sugars.
47. Which of the following is a pain-relieving drug used for severe pain?
- A. Morphine
- B. Paracetamol
- C. Aspirin
- D. Ibuprofen
Answer: A. Morphine
Explanation:
Morphine is a strong opioid analgesic used to relieve severe pain. Paracetamol, aspirin, and ibuprofen are used for mild to moderate pain.
48. Which of the following is a preservative commonly used in soft drinks?
- A. Sodium benzoate
- B. Citric acid
- C. Aspartame
- D. Sucrose
Answer: A. Sodium benzoate
Explanation:
Sodium benzoate is commonly used as a preservative in soft drinks to prevent the growth of microorganisms. Citric acid is used for flavor, aspartame is a sweetener, and sucrose is a sugar.
49. Which of the following drugs is used to treat bacterial infections in the urinary tract?
- A. Ciprofloxacin
- B. Aspirin
- C. Paracetamol
- D. Diazepam
Answer: A. Ciprofloxacin
Explanation:
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections. Aspirin and paracetamol are pain relievers, while diazepam is used to treat anxiety.
50. Which of the following food additives is used as an acidulant?
- A. Citric acid
- B. Sodium chloride
- C. Glycerol
- D. Sorbitol
Answer: A. Citric acid
Explanation:
Citric acid is used as an acidulant to add a sour taste to food and beverages and also to preserve the product by lowering its pH. Sodium chloride is salt, glycerol is a moisturizer, and sorbitol is a sweetener.
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